1.3 Pedagogy

Pedagogy vs. Andragogy: Compare and Contrast

Pedagogy and andragogy represent two distinct approaches to education, primarily based on the age and developmental stage of learners. While pedagogy traditionally focuses on children and younger students, andragogy is concerned with adult learning. Below is a compare and contrast of the two approaches in three key educational dimensions.

1. Learner's Role

• Pedagogy: In the pedagogical model, learners are often seen as dependent on the instructor for guidance. The teacher typically determines what, when, and how learning occurs. Students are considered blank slates to be filled with knowledge by the educator.

• Andragogy: In andragogy, learners are seen as more self-directed. Adults bring life experiences and prior knowledge to their learning, and the role of the teacher is more that of a facilitator or guide, helping learners shape their own learning paths.

2. Assumptions About the Learner

• Pedagogy: Assumes that learners have little prior experience related to the subject matter and need structured learning with clear instructions. The teacher assumes full responsibility for making decisions on what will be learned and how it will be taught.

• Andragogy: Assumes that learners have substantial prior experience that they can draw upon. Learning is more self-motivated, and adults are seen as collaborators in the learning process. Their experiences and perspectives are valuable resources for enriching the educational environment.

3. Motivation to Learn

• Pedagogy: External motivations (such as grades, parental expectations, or rewards) play a significant role. The teacher typically has to create engaging and sometimes entertaining content to hold the students' attention.

• Andragogy: Internal motivations, such as self-improvement, career advancement, or personal fulfillment, are more common. Adults tend to pursue learning for practical reasons, such as applying new knowledge in their careers or personal lives.

For the purposes of this course, we will use the word “pedagogy” to describe teaching any age, but please keep in mind how your teaching approach should differ depending on the age of the students.